Process and apparatus for making insulators.



J. P. DAHL-JENSEN. rnoozss AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING msumwona-APPLICATION FILED PEILBQ, 1911.

1,018,484, I Patented Feb. 27, M2.

UNITED ,srArEs PATENT OFFICE.

JENS PETER DAI-IL-J'ENSEN, OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK, ASSIGNOR TOAKTIESELS- KAIBET BIN G- & GRfjND-AHLS PABCELLAENSFABRIK, OF COPENHAGEN,DENMARK.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING INSULATORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 24, 1911.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JENS PETER DAHL- JENSEN, of No. 16 Valby Langgade,Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, sculptor, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Processes and Apparatus for MakingInsulators, of which the following is a specification, reference beinghad therein to the accompanying drawings.

The manufacture of insulators with a double petticoat or bell-rim orinside ring by the pressing of a pulverized porcelain mass has proven tobe especially diificult, and this kind of insulator has hitherto beenmade out of a wet mass on a pallet or turning lathe, and, as a rule indifi'erent working stages and in two pieces, the inner petticoat orbell-rim being made separately. The difiiculty encountered when tryingto mold these insulators consists in the inside bell or petticoat beingspoiled after the pressing operation by the return movement of thepressing die, and there has also been some uncertainty and especiallyloss of time connected with the making of the screwhole.

Efforts have already been made to obviate the first mentioned drawbackby supplying an elastic support in an axial direction to the insidebell-rim or petticoat, when removing that part of the die which fillsthe space between the inner and outer petticoats or bell-rims. Thisprecaution, however, has not been successful. To raise, or rather toloosen, this part of the die -which adheres tightly to the sides of thenewly molded petticoats or bell-rims requires considerable power,especially during the first moment of loosening; the petticoat orbell-rim cannot always resist this powerful action in an axialdirection, and is apt to break. The making of insulators by pressingmolds on this principle had therefore again to be given up. A furtherreason was that in the use of these molds time was lost in the screwingup and down of the interior punch part or screw-nucleus, which was doneby means of conical wheels and a crank-handle.

The present invention makes it possible to obtain a quick, reliable andfaultless production of insulators of pulverized porcelain-mass, or thelike, in a mold in such a manner that the die-part which fills the spacebetween the petticoats or bell-rims 1s loosened, not as hitherto by anaxial movement, but in the same manner as the central screw nucleus, bya turning movement. The bell-rim or petticoat is consequently notexposed to pull in axial, but in tangential direction, in whichdirection it presents a considerable resistance, and a breaking strainis quite out of the question when the loosening of the die-part takesplace in this manner. Itis not until after the great adherencebetween'the die part and the sides of the petticoats or bell rims hasbeen overcome by gently turning this portion of the die that the latteris raised or screwed out in axial direction.

A pressing mold made in accordance with this invention is shown by wayof example in the accompanying drawings, wherein the matrix isstationary while the punch or die is connected with a movable head.

Figure 1 shows the pressing-mold in side elevation and partly insection. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the die or punch. Figs.3 and 4 show the head-piece of the die, in bottom view and in side viewrespectively, and Figs. 5 and 6 are details of the turnable punch-partof the die.

The die comprises two members one movable with respect to the other, onea matrix and the other a plunger, the latter comprising the head-piece 1of the die, which may be inserted in any suitable press, not shown. 2 isthematrix which at its lower end maybe supplied with a moving piston 3and at the location of the groove 4 of the insulator 5 with a part 6capable of being opened by means of a locking device 7 of any knownkind. If the insulator is to have several grooves, notches or holes, theremovable parts like 6, 7, must be arranged accordingly.

The head-piece 1 vof the die is supplied with a fixed prolongation,preferably of reduced diameter, whose lower end forms the pressure partacting axially upon the end of the inner pett-icoat or bell-rim 9 of theinsulator 5. The head-piece 1, or the pressure-part 8 is in known mannerscrewthreaded inside. There is further a screwthreaded body 10 screwedinside the die and whose lower end 11 is threaded and forms thescrew-hole in the top 12 of the insulator, while a smooth middle portion13 between 10 and 11 forms the inner face of the inner bell-rim orpetticoat 9. That portion of the smooth part 13 of body 10 that directlycontacts with the insulator is preferably conical, as shown.

The body 10, 13, 11, may be moved inclependently of the head-piece 1, 8,preferably by means of a chain 17, a cord, or the like, laid around awheel 18 mounted on 10, and for the passing of which through theheadpiece there are suitable openings in the part 1.

The head-piece 1, S, is supplied on the outside with a circular groove21, Fig. 41, which serves as a guide for a ring or sleeve 14, whoselower part 15 forms the punch that shapes the outside of the innerpetticoat or bell-rim 9, and the inner and bottomside of the outerpetticoator bell-rim 16. The movement of the ring 14, 15 is obtained,for instance, by means of handles 19 of suitable length secured theretoand provided with projections 20, Figs. 5 and 6, which engage the groove21. In the upper part of this groove are projections 25, whose bottomfaces 26, Figs. 1 and 41, are shaped like a screw-thread of low pitchand which in front, that is to say at the most projecting end, issupplied with shoulders 27, Figs. 24. The face 26 is somewhat larger indiameter than the part 8. Corresponding to these projections are othershoulders 28, Figs. 2, 5 and 6, on the sides of the handles 19. These,or rather the projections 20, can turn freely in the lower part of thegroove 12, and when they are almost in the plane aa, Fig. 41-, they, andwith them the sleeve 15, will be held firmly against movement in anaxial direction (the pressing position), but by a slight turning, forinstance onefourth of a revolution, they may be raised a suitable space(half the height of the groove) from the insulator, 5, 9, 16, and beheld in this position by means of the shoul ders 27 and 28. On the part1 is a collar 29 below the groove 21 supplied with longitudinal grooves22, Figs. 2-4:, which correspond to the projections 20, so that the ringor sleeve 14, 15, with the handle 19, 20, may be freely brought in placeon the part 1.

The annular space 23 between the parts 8 and 15 communicates through thegroove 22 with the atmosphere, and air may pass through this passage andfurther through a hole 24:, or several similar holes, in the part 8 andenter into the cavity in the top portion 12 of the insulator formed byscrewing out the body 10, 13, 11.

The operation of the described pressingmold is as follows: The matrix 2,closed below and on the sides is filled with pulverized mass, whereuponthe die with the different punches in their mutual posit-ions as shownin Fig. 1, is brought down against the mass to the lowermost positionshown. By a simple pull on the chain 17 or the like, the innermost punch11 is loosened and unscrewed. Thereupon, the handles 19 are turned untilthe punch or sleeve 15 has been sufficiently loosened from the moldedpiece, whereupon the handles are raised along the helical guides 26until the shoulders 27 and 28 engage with each other. The inner bellrimor petticoat has now been safely and faultlessly released on the sides.The part 8 which holds it in axial direction, is finally raised bypermitting the die to again move upward. The part 6 is then opened, andthe molded piece is pushed out by the piston 3, and a fresh operationmay now take place, when the body 10, 11, and the punch 14, 15 are againbrought back to their proper positions.

The first releasing movement of the body 1O, 11, which requires acertain, although less, exertion of strength than the punch 14, may bemade easier by arranging in a suit able link of the chain 17 (orcorresponding part of a cord or the like) a lever which with its shortarm bears against the part 1, while pressure by hand is brought to bearupon the long arm, and the link in question (or corresponding part of acord or the like) is pulled out a certain length in the moving directionof the chain. It it not necessary that the wheel or roller 18 be firmlyfixed upon the body 10, 18, 11, or that it follow its axial movement,but it may be mounted slidably but not rotatably upon the said body.Further, the outer punch 14;, 15, may be moved in any other manner thanthe one shown.

The parts 8, 29, need not be in one piece with the head-piece 1, but mayform an independent part which eventually is adjustably connected ordetachably connected to the head-piece 1.

The air for the cavity in the top 12 of the molded piece need not beadmitted in the manner described, but may be admitted through anothersuitable passage, for in-' stance through a channel in the body 10, 13,11, there being arranged at the lower end of the screw 11 a guide valve,which normally closes the mouth of this channel, but opens it after thepressing operation and simultaneously with the first releasing movementof the body 10.

The invention is not limited to the pro duction of molded piecessupplied with screw-holes, as these latter may be made at another stageof the manufacture, either before or after the molded piece has beenpushed out of the mold. If it be desired, the petticoat or bell-rim mayalso be supported in axial direction, in a known manner.

I claim 1. The production of insulators having a plurality ofpetticoats, which comprises pressing a suitable mass between dies,releasing by rotary movement that die por tion between the petticoats,then lifting said die portion from contact therewith and subsequentlyremoving other portions of the dies.

2. A mold of the character described, comprising a matrix and a plunger,said plunger having as one of its elements a movable portion to form theopposite walls of adjacent petticoats, means to first rotate and thenlift said portion, prior to removal of the other portions of theplunger.

3. A mold of the character described, comprising a matrix and a plunger,said plunger having as one of its elements a movable portion to form theopposite walls of adjacent petticoats, handles for said movable portionand means to guide said handles and portion first in a rotary direc tionand subsequently in a spiral upward direction.

4. A mold of the character described, comprising a matrix and aplungerhaving a head-piece with a groove therein, one face of which is flat andthe other helical, a member movable therein to form the opposite wallsof adjacent petticoats, means on said member to permit the rotation ofthe member with respect to the head piece and to give said member ahelical movement.

5. A mold of the character described, comprising a sectional matrixhaving one or more sections composed of a plurality of parts whoseinterior molding surfaces are of less diameter than the parts belowthem, a plunger comprising a head-piece, a central rotatable member, awheel thereon, means to rotate the wheel member at will, an elementrotatable and upwardly movable with respect to the head-piece at will,and guides to guide the element in its rotary movement and in its upwardmovement.

6. A mold of the character described comprising a matrix and a plungerhaving a rotatable and vertically movable molding element thereon, saidplunger provided with a flat guide to guide said element during rotationand a helical guide to guide said element during its rising movement.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signedmy name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J ENS PETER DAHL-JENSEN.

WVitnesses:

ERNEST BoU'rAnD, P. HOFMAN BANG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

